Antibiotic Technology

Course Description

COURSE CONTENT

1. Definition, nomenclature and classification of antibiotics

L: Definition, nomenclature and classification of antibiotics

2. Biotechnological process of antibiotic production

L: General principles, characteristics and main properties of antibiotic biosynthesis

E: Colorimetric method for determination of oxytetracycline. Iodometric method for determination of penicillin.

3. Biotechnological process of tetracycline antibiotics production

L: Biotechnological production of tetracycline antibiotics

S: Calculation of oxytetracycline biosynthesis and isolation procedures

E: Oxytetracycline biosynthesis by submerged cultivation of Streptomyces rimosus

4. Biotechnological processes of β-lactam antibiotics production

L: Biotechnological production of penicillin. Isolation of penicillin. Preparation of 6-aminopenicillanic acid and semisynthetic antibiotics. Biotechnological production of others β-lactam antibiotics (cephalosporins and cephamycin). Production of clavulanic acid.

S: Biotechnological production of b-lactam antibiotics

5. Biotechnological processes of aminoglycoside, macrolide and peptide antibiotics production

L: Biotechnological production of aminoglycoside, macrolide and peptide antibiotics. An overview of other antibiotics: aromatic, glycopeptide, antifungal and cytostatic)

S: Biotechnological processes of aminoglycoside, macrolide and peptide antibiotics production

6. Isolation and purification of antibiotics

L: Isolation and purification of antibiotics

LEARNING OUTCOMES

• select a method of antibiotic purification (extraction, ion exchange or precipitation) depending on the properties of the isolated antibiotic
• select drying method depending on antibiotic thermostability (drying by sublimation – lyophilisation, hot air drying, spray-drying, convective and contact-drying)
• select the optimal time for antibiotic biosynthesis and to explain regulatory mechanisms of the transition from trophophase to idiophase (antibiotic biosynthesis)
• select the rape pretreatment procedure regarding the physico-chemical properties of antibiotics (solubility, stability)
• select cultivation conditions (pure culture of microorganisms, process sterility, cultivation temperature, cultivation pH, agitation, aeration, foam suppression, etc.) during antibiotic biosynthesis
• determine antibiotic activity using chemical methods for quantitative determination of antibiotics
• sketch the antibiotic biosynthesis process
• compare the chemical and enzyme method of preparation of 6-aminopenicillanic acid
• compare the metabolic pathways of antibiotic biosynthesis regarding the microorganisms as producers of different antibiotics
• lead the biotechnological process of inoculum preparation and oxytetracycline production